Also called RhSeCl, RhTeCl, RhSeBr, rhodium chalcochlorides
Most Janus layers – sheets whose two faces are made of different atoms – have to be made one at a time, by replacing the atoms on one face of an existing monolayer. RhSeCl grows that way by itself: every layer of the crystal has selenium on one side and chlorine on the other, so Janus flakes can simply be peeled off a bulk crystal. The built-in asymmetry makes it a semiconductor with an unusually strong nonlinear optical response. Its sister compound RhTeCl arranges tellurium and chlorine in stripes instead, which gives needle-shaped flakes and a smaller band gap.
They are coordination polyhedra. Only complete ones are drawn.
Three layers of RhSeCl. Every layer points the same way, selenium up and chlorine down, and each is turned by 180° against the one below, so selenium faces chlorine across every gap and the crystal stays polar (space group P63mc): 5.79 Å between layers, c = 11.58 Å. A polar stack like this should be both piezo- and pyroelectric. Cell at 293 K from single-crystal X-ray diffraction, space group P63mc (Nowak, doctoral thesis, TU Dresden, 2025).
They are coordination polyhedra. Only complete ones are drawn.
Three layers of RhTeCl. Each layer slides by about half a cell along both in-plane directions against the one below, so the stacking axis leans away from the layers (β = 118.8°): 5.69 Å between layers, two layers per cell. Cell from Köhler and Urland, Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 623, 583 (1997).
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Calculations give RhSeCl an indirect gap of about 1.2 eV, with the valence-band maximum at Γ and the conduction-band minimum at K, slightly below the optical gap, and attribute its strong second-harmonic response to band nesting. The polar P63mc stacking means interlayer coupling enters the nonlinear susceptibility, and the unusual anion arrangement makes the assignment of charges itself a question worth modelling carefully.
Crystals grow by vapour transport and exfoliate with tape. Check phase purity by Raman and composition by EDS, and measure thickness by AFM, because the monolayer Raman spectrum stays close to the bulk. RhSeCl’s missing inversion centre shows directly in second-harmonic generation, a quick test of Janus order. RhTeCl flakes come out needle-shaped, elongated along b, so use polarisation-resolved measurements.
Too new for an engineering assessment: rhodium is expensive, crystals are millimetres across and there is no wafer-scale growth. The device interest is a naturally polar, chemically stable semiconductor for compact nonlinear optics and photodetection.
The newest items tagged RhSeCl, RhTeCl, from the news feed updated 5 Oct 2026.
In recent years, interest in 2D Janus materials has grown exponentially, particularly with regard to their applications in spintronics and optoelectronic devices. The defining feature of Janus materials is the ordered arrangement of different layer terminations - creating chemically distinct surfaces and an inherent…
Two-dimensional Janus structures have garnered rapidly growing attention across multidisciplinary fields. However, despite extensive theoretical and experimental efforts, a principle for designing intrinsic Janus materials remains elusive. Here, we propose a first-principles alloy theory based on cluster expansion…
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